![]() In the sections below we will outline the history of Cubism the influence of Paul Cézanne on the Cubist artists the characteristics of Cubist art describe several leading artists of the movement as well as some of the primary artworks compare the respective aesthetics of Cubism and art movements like Surrealism, Impressionism, and Futurism and describe which art movements both influenced and were influenced by Cubist art. Some of the major artists of the Cubist movement include its pioneers, Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque, Jean Metzinger, Albert Gleizes, Juan Gris, Robert Delaunay, and Fernand Leger.Ī few of the major artworks associated with Cubism include Les Desmoiselles d’Avignon, Guernica, and The Weeping Woman by Pablo Picasso, Cubist Self-Portrait by Salvador Dali, and Portrait of Pablo Picasso by Juan Gris. Yet, combined with this drive toward modernity, was the inspiration of the older artworks of cultures outside of Europe. This impulse for pictorial novelty among artists persisted into the early 20th century. The artist Paul Cézanne influence was by far the greatest modern influence on the entire Cubist movement, however. In the mid to late 19th century, innovations in art that we would now recognize as revolutionary were already underway with the advent of Impressionism, as well as other later movements, in France. Georges Braque, Portrait of a Woman, 1910, oil on canvas, 35.8 x 24 inches, private collection However, other means of understanding the growth of Cubism have been suggested. From the art history of the former school (that of Picasso and Braque), two stages were held to define the evolution of the Cubist movement: the analytic stage and the synthetic stage. This latter group began exhibiting extensively in Paris from around the year 1911. Indeed, some Cubists persisted with the aesthetic of the movement much later, well into the 1930s.īroadly speaking, there were two schools within the movement of Cubism: those of the Picasso/Braque collaboration and the Salon Cubists. Depending on the art historian’s interpretation, the movement lasted from around 1905 until at least the First World War, with some maintaining that it remained at the forefront of the avant-garde into the 1920s. The movement is typically held to have begun around the middle of the first decade of the 20th century in Paris in the studios of Georges Braque and Pablo Picasso, who also collaborated together. Pablo Picasso, The Poet, 1911, oil on linen, 51 5/8 x 35 1/4 inches, Guggenheim Collection, Venice At first, this was done on the flat two-dimensional surface but later encompassed three dimensions. Often this had an uneasy effect and had as a result of the establishment of multiple viewpoints within a single work. Cubism is an avant-garde art movement characterized by the breaking down of forms into geometric shapes to the point where representation confronts abstraction.
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